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The shoulder is the most complex and unstable joint in the body and it can get injured easily. Shoulder surgery is a means of treating injured shoulders. Many surgeries have been developed to repair the muscles, connective tissue, or damaged joints that can arise from traumatic or overuse injuries to the shoulder. == Dislocated shoulder == * A dislocated shoulder can be treated with: * Arthroscopic repairs * * repair of the Glenoid labrum (anterior or posterior)〔http://www.orthop.washington.edu/?q=patient-care/articles/sports/shoulder-scope.html〕 * In some cases, arthroscopic surgery is not enough to fix the injured shoulder. When the shoulder dislocates to many times and is worn down, the ball and socket are not lined up correctly. The socket is worn down and the ball will never sit in it the same. After many dislocations the shoulder bones will begin to wear down and chip away. When this occurs, another operation must be done. The operation is called the Laterjet surgery. The procedure involves transfer of the coracoid with its attached muscles to the deficient area over the front of the glenoid. This replaces the missing bone and the transferred muscle also acts as an additional muscular strut preventing further dislocations. It is an open surgery and requires overnight hospital stay. Usually a 4-6 month recovery and almost a 100% success rate. * Rehabilitation * * The recovery depends upon many factors, such as where the tear was located, how severe it was and how good the surgical repair was. It is believed that it takes at least four to six weeks for the labrum to re-attach itself to the scapula bone (shoulder blade), and probably another four to six weeks to get strong. The labrum is a ring of cartilage on the rim of a shallow socket in the scapula into which the head of the upper arm bone normally fits and rotates. Once the labrum has healed to the rim of the shoulder blade, it should see stress very gradually so that it can gather strength. It is important not to re-injure it while it is healing. How much motion and strengthening of the arm is allowed after surgery also depends upon many factors, and it is up to the surgeon to let you know your limitations and how fast to progress. Because of the variability in the injury and the type of repair done, it is difficult to predict how soon someone can to return to activities and to sports after the repair. The type of sport also is important, since contact sports have a greater chance of injuring the labrum repair. However, a vast majority of patients have full function of the shoulder after labrum repair, and most patients can return to their previous level of sports with no or few restrictions. () * * repair of the capsular ligaments (Bankart repair) * * repair of the biceps long head anchor or SLAP lesion * * tightening of the shoulder capsule (capsulorrhaphy or capsular shift) * Open Repairs (for dislocations with fractures, etc.) *Bicep Tenodesis Surgery * *Surgical treatment of the shoulder due to potential bicep tendonitis or a tear of the labrum otherwise known as a SLAP tear. The long head of the bicep passes through the shoulder joint and attaches to the labrum. During a biceps tenodesis procedure, the surgeon cuts the attachment of the biceps tendon from the labrum and reattaches it to the humerus bone by tacks. By doing this, pressure is relieved from the labrum significantly reducing pain. This surgery is performed to alleviate bicep inflammation and can be implemented in correspondence to a SLAP lesion surgery. Recovery is approximately 4 – 8 months depending on the individual and requires physical therapy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「shoulder surgery」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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